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文化学术与钻研思辨Scholarly Inquiry and Cultural Studies — HSK 3 vocabulary

专门 specially, 自从 ever since, 状态 the state something is in, and 25 more words across 4 lessons — each with pinyin above every character, a meaning in English and in Chinese, and one example sentence.

HSK 3 band4 lessons28 wordsLessons 235–238 of 698
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第 235 课 · 讲坛论道与专著研读Lesson 235 · 7 words

主(zhǔ)持(chí) to chair a meeting
负责带领大家把一场活动进行下去

校长请这位老师主持今天的座谈会。The principal asked this teacher to chair today's discussion.
专(zhuān)家(jiā) an expert
在某个领域很厉害、很懂行的人

这位专家研究古代文字三十年了。This an expert has studied ancient scripts for thirty years.
某(mǒu) a certain (unnamed) person
说话人不想说出具体是谁，就用这个字代替

某位学者提出了一个新看法。a certain scholar put forward a new idea.
主(zhǔ)张(zhāng) a position one argues for
自己提出并坚持的看法

教授提出了减少作业的主张。The professor put forward a bold new position on cutting homework.
专(zhuān)门(mén) specially, for this purpose alone
为了一个目的单独去做，不做别的

老师专门为我们讲解语法难点。The teacher makes a point to explain the tricky grammar for us.
杂(zá)志(zhì) a magazine
定期出版、装订成册的读物

图书馆新到了一批学术杂志。The library just received a batch of academic journals.
预(yù)习(xí) to prepare a lesson before class
上课前先自己看一遍要学的内容

同学们提前预习明天的课文。The students preview tomorrow's text in advance.

Reading passage — lesson 235

德高望重的老教授受邀主持本次论坛。多位顶尖专家共聚一堂，某位学者阐述了独特学术主张。研究所专门创办了理论杂志，刊发前沿成果。与会青年学者提前认真预习文献，热烈交流研讨。

理解问答 · one question on this passage

老教授受邀做什么？

  1. 主持本次论坛
  2. 打扫论坛会场
  3. 负责论坛摄影
  4. 在门口卖票

答案主持本次论坛— 文中：受邀主持本次论坛

第 236 课 · 实事求是与本质探赜Lesson 236 · 7 words

事(shì)实(shí)上(shang) in fact
抛开表面的说法，真正的情况是

事实上，这次考试并不难。In fact, this exam was not difficult.
状(zhuàng)况(kuàng) the condition of things
事情目前呈现出来的样子

医生详细询问了病人的身体状况。The doctor asked in detail about the condition of the patient.
消(xiāo)失(shī) to disappear
慢慢不见了，找不到了

山上的雾气渐渐消失了。The mist on the mountain slowly began to disappear.
性(xìng) an inherent quality (suffix)
跟在别的词后面，说明事物本来带有的特点

这份文件的重要性不用多说。No one doubts the importance of this document.
仍(réng) still (despite that)
虽然情况变了，但结果没有改变

已经十点了，他仍在图书馆看书。It was already ten o'clock, but he was still reading in the library.
仅(jǐn) only (a small amount)
数量很少，不超过这个范围

这次调查仅收到十份问卷。This survey only received ten questionnaires.
整(zhěng)个(gè) the whole (thing)
从头到尾没有漏掉一部分

洪水淹没了整个村庄。The flood submerged the whole village.

Reading passage — lesson 236

事实上，古建筑保护的真实状况令人揪心。木质构件因风化逐渐磨损消失，但石碑雕刻的艺术性仍完好保存。本次勘察不仅针对单体构件，而是评估了整个古村落，为抢救修缮提供了坚实依据。

理解问答 · one question on this passage

古建筑保护的真实状况怎么样？

  1. 令人揪心
  2. 非常完美
  3. 没有问题
  4. 已经修好

答案令人揪心— 文中：古建筑保护的真实状况令人揪心

第 237 课 · 自觉修持与总结提炼Lesson 237 · 7 words

自(zì)从(cóng) ever since
从过去某个时间点开始，一直到现在

自从搬到这里，他每天都去晨跑。Ever since moving here, he has jogged every morning.
自(zì)主(zhǔ) to decide for oneself
不靠别人安排，自己拿主意去做

这个课题让学生自主选择方向。This project lets the students choose their own direction.
时(shí) at the time of; when
表示正做某件事的那一刻

查阅古籍时要格外小心。When consulting ancient texts, be extra careful.
自(zì)觉(jué) of one's own accord
不用别人提醒，自己主动去做该做的事

学生们自觉排队进入阅览室。The students lined up to enter the reading room on their own.
终(zhōng)于(yú) finally
经过很长时间以后，事情有了结果

研究了三年，他终于找到答案。After three years of research, he finally found the answer.
总(zǒng)结(jié) to sum up findings
把研究过的内容归纳成简短的结论

老师请大家总结今天的收获。The teacher asked everyone to sum up their findings today.
总(zǒng) always (no matter what)
不管怎样，情况都是一样的

他总记得每个学生的名字。He always remembers every student's name.

Reading passage — lesson 237

自从设立古籍保护中心，学者们自主开展专题研究。查阅文献时，所有人自觉保持肃静。历经数年严谨钻研，课题组终于取得了丰硕成果，并在大会上总结发言。治学之道总需要甘于寂寞的坚守。

理解问答 · one question on this passage

古籍保护中心设立后，学者们做了什么？

  1. 自主开展专题研究
  2. 把古籍全部卖掉
  3. 停止一切研究
  4. 互相争吵不休

答案自主开展专题研究— 文中：学者们自主开展专题研究

第 238 课 · 宏观整饬与文脉承续Lesson 238 · 7 words

由(yóu) done by (a specific person)
表示某件事是谁负责去做的

这次展览由博物馆馆长负责。This exhibition is led by the curator.
形(xíng)状(zhuàng) the shape of an object
东西看起来的外部轮廓

这块玉佩的形状像一朵云。The shape of this jade pendant looks like a cloud.
状(zhuàng)态(tài) the state something is in
事物目前所处的样子

这批文物保持着良好的状态。This batch of artifacts remains in good condition.
齐(qí) neatly arranged
东西一个不少、摆放得端端正正，没有一点乱

书架上的古籍摆得很齐。The ancient books on the shelf are arranged neatly.
整(zhěng)整(zhěng) a full (whole span of time)
强调数目一点不少，正正好好

他在这里工作了整整十年。He has worked here for a full ten years.
足(zú)够(gòu) enough (sufficient amount)
数量已经达到需要的程度，不用再多

考古队收集了足够的证据。The archaeology team gathered enough evidence.
念(niàn) to read aloud
把文字用嘴说出声音来

老馆长喜欢把碑文念给学生听。The old curator likes to read aloud the inscriptions to the students.

Reading passage — lesson 238

这项整理工程由老馆长牵头。专家根据残片形状复原器物，保持最佳状态。文献排列整齐，学者钻研了整整十年。出土材料提供了足够的实证，令人心生敬念。

理解问答 · one question on this passage

这项整理工程是谁牵头的？

  1. 老馆长
  2. 一位新来的学生
  3. 外地的商人
  4. 一家旅行社

答案老馆长— 文中：这项整理工程由老馆长牵头

Characters in 文化学术与钻研思辨

38 distinct characters across these 28 words. Each one has its stroke order, its radical, what it is made of, and the other words that use it.