Life in Mainland China
Robotaxis: a Chinese conversation with pinyin and English
Fully driverless paid rides from Baidu's Apollo Go, Pony.ai and WeRide, and where the public can ride them.
Play: RobotaxisThe conversation
Speakers: Xiaoyu and Haoran.
- Xiaoyu
浩然,这车前面怎么连个司机都没有啊?
Haoran, how come there's no driver up front in this car?
- Haoran
知道啊!多省心呐。
I know! So stress-free.
- Xiaoyu
那我上车该管谁叫师傅啊?
So who am I supposed to call 'driver' when I get in?
- Haoran
真无人驾驶,还能在线付费。我们在武汉,萝卜快跑几乎覆盖了整个城。
It's genuinely driverless, and you pay online. We're in Wuhan, where Apollo Go covers pretty much the whole city.
- Haoran
武汉是什么时候开始在公开道路上提供完全无人化商业载客服务的?
When did Wuhan start offering fully driverless commercial passenger service on public roads?
- 2022年8月 August 2022
- 2012年8月 August 2012
- 2025年8月 August 2025
Answer
2022年8月 August 2022
- Xiaoyu
2022年8月?那会儿我还天天跟出租车师傅砍价呢。
August 2022? Back then I was still haggling with cab drivers every single day.
- Haoran
光是2025年一年,它就提供了超过1000万次无人化出行。
In 2025 alone, it provided over 10 million driverless trips.
- Xiaoyu
它为了避让小狗停下了,还挺礼貌。只有百度一家吗?
It stopped for a puppy—that's pretty polite. Is Baidu the only one?
- Haoran
小马智行在北京、上海、广州和深圳都有,文远知行在广州。
Pony.ai's in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen, and WeRide is in Guangzhou.
- Xiaoyu
能直达每个城市的角角落落吗?
Can it take you straight to every nook and cranny of the city?
- Haoran
大部分牌照只管特定区域,没法全城跑。
Most permits only cover specific zones, so they can't drive all over the city.
- Xiaoyu
那我叫它带我过江去吃碗面条都不行?
So I can't even have it take me across the river for a bowl of noodles?
- Haoran
那你得跟它好好商量。
Then you'll have to have a serious talk with it.
- Xiaoyu
这整趟路下来谁都不跟我搭话,怪想念司机的各种吐槽。
Nobody talks to me the whole ride, I kinda miss drivers going off on their rants.
Words in the conversation
Notes
Baidu Apollo Go: where it began
In August 2022 Apollo Go began fully driverless ride-hailing on open roads in Wuhan and received permits to charge fares; on 19 June 2024 it began fully driverless operations across practically all of Wuhan. It was granted permits for fully driverless rides for the public in Shenzhen's Pingshan district in May 2023, and reached 100 percent fully driverless operations in Chongqing in October 2024.
Baidu Apollo Go: rides
In 2025 Apollo Go gave more than 10 million fully driverless rides, 3.4 million of them in the fourth quarter. As of February 2026 it had given more than 20 million rides to the public in total and operated in 26 cities worldwide, including Abu Dhabi and Dubai. The ride figures are the company's own unaudited data.
Pony.ai
In July 2025 Pony.ai received a permit for fully driverless commercial robotaxi service in Shanghai's Pudong New Area, starting in Jinqiao and Huamu. On 6 November 2025 it said it ran fully driverless commercial robotaxis in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, with more than 720 vehicles.
WeRide
In September 2025 WeRide's Robotaxi GXR began 24-hour fully driverless commercial service in Guangzhou. Abroad, it holds a fully driverless commercial permit in Abu Dhabi, granted on 31 October 2025, where rides are booked through Uber.
Commercial service
These services are commercial: riders pay fares, and the cars have no safety driver. Each permit covers set districts, not whole cities, except Apollo Go's coverage of practically all of Wuhan. As of late 2025 the public could ride in Wuhan, Chongqing and Shenzhen (Apollo Go); Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen (Pony.ai); and Guangzhou (WeRide).
Robotaxis
Fully driverless paid rides from Baidu's Apollo Go, Pony.ai and WeRide, and where the public can ride them.
In which city did Baidu's Apollo Go begin fully driverless operations across practically the whole city in June 2024?
Answer
Wuhan. Apollo Go began fully driverless paid rides in Wuhan in 2022 and covered practically all of it from June 2024.
About how many fully driverless rides did Apollo Go give in 2025?
Answer
More than 10 million. Baidu reported more than 10 million fully driverless rides in 2025.
In how many cities did Apollo Go operate in February 2026?
Answer
26. Baidu said its footprint reached 26 cities, in China and abroad.
In which four mainland cities was Pony.ai running fully driverless commercial robotaxis in November 2025?
Answer
Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen. Pony.ai said it ran fully driverless commercial service in all four, with more than 720 vehicles.
In September 2025, WeRide began 24-hour fully driverless robotaxi service in which city?
Answer
Guangzhou. WeRide's Robotaxi GXR began 24-hour fully driverless commercial service in Guangzhou.
Is a fully driverless robotaxi ride in these cities a paid service?
Answer
Yes, riders pay fares. The permits are for commercial service, with fares, inside set districts.